Robert C. O'Brien

Robert Charles O'Brien Jr. (born June 18, 1966) is an American attorney who served as the twenty-seventh United States national security advisor from 2019 to 2021.

He was the fourth and final person to hold the position during the presidency of Donald Trump.

He is currently the chairman of the American Global Strategies firm advising companies on international politics, the U.S. government, and crisis management.

O'Brien was born in Los Angeles and raised in Santa Rosa, California, where he attended Cardinal Newman High School.

He won a Rotary scholarship to study at the University of the Free State in South Africa in 1987.

He received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1988, and a Juris Doctor from the UC Berkeley School of Law in 1991.

From 1996 to 1998, O'Brien was a legal officer with the United Nations Compensation Commission in Geneva, Switzerland.

O'Brien was a major in the Judge Advocate General's Corps of the United States Army Reserve.

O'Brien was the California managing partner of the law firm Arent Fox LLP for seven years.

O'Brien was nominated by President George W. Bush as the U.S. alternate representative to the 60th session of the United Nations General Assembly during 2005–06.

O'Brien was co-chairman of the U.S. Department of State's Public-Private Partnership for Justice Reform in Afghanistan, launched in December 2007, which "promoted the rule of law" in Afghanistan by training judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys.

He continued this role during the first term of the Obama administration.

On July 31, 2008, President Bush announced his intention to appoint O'Brien to serve in his administration as a member of the Cultural Property Advisory Committee, an advisory committee on issues involving antiquities and cultural matters, for the remainder of a three-year term which expired on April 25, 2011.

In October 2011, O'Brien was named to Mitt Romney's advisory team as co-chair of the International Organizations Work Group.

Later, in May 2015, he became an adviser on foreign policy and national security affairs for Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker's presidential campaign.

After Walker left the race, O'Brien advised Ted Cruz's campaign.

During the time he advised Ted Cruz's presidential campaign, he claimed: "It's clear that Vladimir Putin just doesn't like [Hillary Clinton], and is going to do what he can to help Donald Trump."

O'Brien was a founding partner, along with former federal judge Stephen Larson, of the Los Angeles boutique law firm Larson O'Brien LLP, which they established in January 2016.

O'Brien retired from the firm when he was appointed national security advisor.

In 2017, O'Brien was under consideration by the Donald Trump administration to serve as secretary of the navy.

The Orange County Register editorial board endorsed O'Brien to serve in this position, stating, "He is the ideal candidate to ensure American global dominance continues—in a way that fits both the present national mood and our enduring national values."

Later in the administration, O'Brien advocated publicly for a larger Navy and visited several U.S. shipyards.

From May 25, 2018 to October 3, 2019, O'Brien served as the special presidential envoy for hostage affairs.

He was given the rank of ambassador one year after his appointment.

He attended the trial of the American rapper ASAP Rocky in Stockholm, Sweden and told reporters "The president sent me here, so it's totally appropriate. I also help free people that are held by governments, so unjustly detained Americans."

O'Brien had written the Swedish government warning of "negative consequences" if the case was not resolved.

In this capacity, he "helped secure the 2018 release of American pastor Andrew Brunson, whose two-year imprisonment in Turkey heightened tensions between Washington and Ankara."

O'Brien was also involved in obtaining the release of Danny Burch, an American oil worker held in Yemen for a year, and who ultimately received an Oval Office meeting with President Trump.

O'Brien took office as the twenty-seventh United States national security advisor on September 18, 2019.

President Trump appointed O'Brien to succeed John Bolton, who resigned earlier that month.

A few days later, O'Brien announced that Matthew Pottinger would become the deputy national security advisor, replacing Charles Kupperman in that role.

O'Brien was seen as a traditional foreign policy conservative rather than a firebrand.

Early in his tenure, O'Brien accompanied Vice President Mike Pence to meet Turkish President Recep Erdogan in efforts to achieve a ceasefire between Turkey and Kurdish forces in Syria after the U.S. abruptly withdrew military forces that stood between Turkish and Kurdish forces.

In December 2019, O'Brien defended Trump's decision to pardon Navy SEAL Eddie Gallagher, who was accused by several fellow Navy SEAL members of his platoon of shooting unarmed civilians who posed no threat and of murdering an injured 17-year-old ISIS fighter, but who was convicted of only "wrongfully posing for an unofficial picture with a human casualty".

After the Trump administration's January 2020 drone strike against Qasem Soleimani, the head of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and commander of its Quds Force, O'Brien defended the intelligence the administration used to justify the killing, arguing that Soleimani had been planning attacks on U.S. military and diplomatic installations in Iraq and elsewhere in the Middle East.

The National Security Council under O'Brien took a greater focus on China, and he aligned himself with Peter Navarro, a fellow hardliner on China.

He threatened sanctions against China if it moved to pass a national security law that pro-democracy activists believed would undermine freedom in Hong Kong.

O'Brien also criticized China for its actions amid territorial disputes in the South China Sea, and oversaw an increase in U.S. and allied military activity intended to guarantee freedom of navigation.

O'Brien criticized China's government, saying in a speech that "The Chinese Communist Party is Marxist-Leninist," and "The party General Secretary Xi Jinping sees himself as Josef Stalin’s successor."

In the same speech, he asserted: "Together with our allies and partners, we will resist the Chinese Communist Party's efforts to manipulate our people and our governments, damage our economies, and undermine our sovereignty."