Andrea del Verrocchio
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[["Andrea<\/a> del Verrocchio (, , ; born Andrea<\/a> di Michele di Francesco de' Cioni; c. 1435 \u2013 1488) was an Italian sculptor, painter and goldsmith who was a master of an important workshop in Florence.","He apparently became known as Verrocchio after the surname of his master, a goldsmith.","Few paintings are attributed to him with certainty, but important painters were trained at his workshop.","His pupils included Leonardo Da Vinci<\/a>, Pietro Perugino and Lorenzo di Credi.","His greatest importance was as a sculptor and his last work, the Equestrian statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni in Venice, is generally accepted as his masterpiece.","Verrocchio was born in Florence in around 1435.","His father, Michele di Francesco Cioni, initially worked as a tile and brick maker, then later as a tax collector.","Verrocchio never married, and had to provide financial support for some members of his family.","He was at first apprenticed to a goldsmith.","It has been suggested that he was later apprenticed to Donatello, but there is no evidence of this and John Pope-Hennessy<\/a> considered that it is contradicted by the style of his early works.","It has been suggested that he was trained as a painter under Fra Filippo Lippi.","Little is known about his life.","His main works are dated in his last twenty years and his advancement owed much to the patronage of Lorenzo de' Medici and his son Piero.","His workshop was in Florence where he was a member of the Guild of St Luke.","Several great artists like Leonardo Da Vinci<\/a> and Lorenzo di Credi passed through his workshop as apprentices.","Beyond this, artists like Domenico Ghirlandaio, Francesco Botticini, and Pietro Perugino were also involved and their early works can be hard to distinguish from works by Verrocchio.","Giovanni Santi records that Botticelli, Luca Signorelli, and a young Filippino Lippi also visited or worked in Verrocchio's studio.","Of the artist's pedagogy the Florentine poet Ugolino Verino wrote: \"Whatever painters have that is good they drank from Verrocchio's spring\".","At the end of his life, Verrocchio opened a new workshop in Venice, where he was working on e the statue of Bartolomeo Colleoni, leaving the Florentine workshop in charge of Lorenzo di Credi.","He died in Venice in 1488.","Despite the importance of Verrocchio's workshop in the training of younger painters, very few paintings are universally recognised as his own work and there are many problems of attribution.","A painting of the Madonna with seated child in tempera on panel (now in the Berlin State Museums, Gem\u00e4ldegalerie) is considered an early work of 1468\u20131470.","A painting in the National Gallery in London (cat. no.NG2508) of the Virgin and Child with two angels in tempera on panel, which had not previously been attributed to Verrocchio, was cleaned and restored about 2010 and is now attributed to him with a date of about 1467\u20131469.","A small painting on panel of Tobias setting out on his journey with the Archangel Raphael, carrying the fish with which he was to heal his father's blindness, was probably painted as a private devotional picture.","It is an early work which has formerly been attributed to Pollaiuolo and other artists.","Covi thinks that it was probably painted with assistance from Ghirlandaio.","It is now in London at the National Gallery.","The Baptism of Christ, now in the Uffizi Gallery at Florence, was painted in 1474\u201375.","In this work Verrocchio was assisted by Leonardo Da Vinci<\/a>, then a youth and a member of his workshop, who painted the angel on the left and the part of the background above.","According to Giorgio Vasari, Andrea<\/a> resolved never to touch the brush again because Leonardo, his pupil, had far surpassed him, but later critics consider this story apocryphal.","The Madonna enthroned with John the Baptist and St Donato is in the Pistoia Cathedral.","It had been left unfinished and was completed by Lorenzo di Credi when Verrocchio was in Venice near the end of his life.","Around 1465 Verrocchio is believed to have worked on the lavabo of the Old Sacristy in San Lorenzo, Florence.","Between 1465 and 1467 he executed the funerary monument to Cosimo de' Medici for the crypt under the altar of the same church, and in 1472 he completed the monument to Piero and Giovanni de' Medici in the Old Sacristy.","In 1467 the Tribunale della Mercanzia, the judicial organ of the Guilds in Florence, commissioned from Verrocchio a bronze group portraying Christ and St. Thomas for the central niche of the east facade of Orsanmichele, which the Tribunale had recently purchased, to replace a statue of St. Louis of Toulouse, which had been removed.","He therefore had the problem of placing two statues (more than life size) in a niche originally intended for one.","As Covi says, the problem was resolved \"in a most felicitous manner\".","The work was placed in position in 1483 and \"has been acclaimed since the day of its unveiling and almost without exception recognised as a masterpiece.\"","In 1468 Verrocchio made a bronze candlestick (1.57metres high), now in the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, for the Signoria of Florence.","Also in 1468 he contracted to make a golden ball (palla) to be placed on top of the lantern of Brunelleschi's cupola on the Duomo in Florence."]]
